Predictive approach to contract management

ABSTRACT

Embodiments of the present invention provide methods, computer program products, and systems for a predictive approach to contract management. In one embodiment, acceptable contract parameters are predicted based, at least in part on historic data and specified thresholds of identified contract parameters. Predicting acceptable contract parameters can help reduce negotiation cycles.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to the field of contractmanagement, and more particularly to predictive analysis of contracts.

Generally, contract management refers to negotiating, supporting, andcreating effective contracts and their respective terms and conditions.Contract management reporting involves monitoring details in contractparameters such as tracking, milestones, and obligations. Typically,these details are used to identify potential problem areas and aremonitored manually.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the present invention provide methods, computer programproducts, and systems for a predictive approach to contract management.In one embodiment of the present invention, a method is providedcomprising: identifying one or more contract parameters of a contract,wherein each of the one or more contract parameters is associated with aspecified threshold; accessing historic data comprising previouslyapproved contract parameters; and predicting acceptable contractparameters based, at least in part on the historic data and thespecified threshold.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a computing environment, in accordance withan embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating operational steps for predictiveanalysis of contract parameters, in accordance with an embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating operational steps for analyzingcontract parameters, in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating operational steps for determining aroot cause for a delay using predictive analysis of contract parameters,in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of internal and external components of thecomputer systems of FIG. 1, in accordance with an embodiment of thepresent invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the present invention recognize the need for moreeffective contract management. Sometimes, recording data from contractscan be transposed incorrectly (e.g., fee schedules). In other instances,embodiments of the present invention recognize that certain contractparameters such as clause language can be a source of delay in contractnegotiations. For example, two parties can dispute intellectual propertyrights as to background intellectual property. Embodiments of thepresent invention provide solutions to identify contract parameters andpredict, based, at least in part, on historic data, optimal contractparameters and terms, that would shorten negotiation and internalworkflow cycles. In this manner, as discussed in greater detail in thisspecification, embodiments of the present invention can be used topredict contract parameters and terms without having to manuallyidentify and analyze these contract properties.

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of computing environment 100, inaccordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Computingenvironment 100 includes computer system 102 and computer system 110.Computer system 102 and computer system 110 can be desktop computers,laptop computers, specialized computer servers, or any other computersystems known in the art. In certain embodiments, computer system 110and computer system 110 represent computer systems utilizing clusteredcomputers and components to act as a single pool of seamless resourceswhen accessed through network 108. For example, such embodiments may beused in data center, cloud computing, storage area network (SAN), andnetwork attached storage (NAS) applications. In certain embodiments,computer system 102 and computer system 110 represent virtual machines.In general, computer system 102 and computer system 110 arerepresentative of any electronic devices, or combination of electronicdevices, capable of executing machine-readable program instructions, asdescribed in greater detail with regard to FIG. 5.

Computer system 102 includes contract analyzer program 104 and datastore 106. Contract analyzer program 104 identifies contract parameters,analyzes received contract parameters, predicts contract terms likely tobe accepted by users, and generates suggestions based, at least in part,on historic data to computer system 110 via network 108. Contractanalyzer program 104 saves analyzed contracts and contract parameters indata store 106. The phrase “contract parameter”, as used herein, refersto provisions of a contract (e.g., parties involved in a contract,approvers of a contract, clause language, contract terms, status,products involved, reviewers, pending tasks, revisions, lines, eventsdefined in contract, relationships, attachments, security permissions,value of the contract, conditions subsequent, etc.) as well as any othercontract metric of interest to a user. For example, a contract parametermay be the length of time between contract negotiations to finalizationof a contract, the time period to be considered for analysis, etc. Acontract parameter can also include contract terms. For example,contract parameters can also be delivery days, payment terms, importantmilestone dates, rates for labor, vendor type, trading goods catalogue,etc. In this embodiment, a “template” can refer to a pre-definedcollection of clauses, approver lists, etc. In general, a template canbe any other historic data that can be used for predictive analysis ofcontracts. In contrast, an “instance” of a contract can refer to theactual contract being modified (i.e., a contract and its parameters andterms that have been received for modification).

In certain embodiments of the present invention, contract analyzerprogram 104 can further monitor changes to contract parameters (e.g.,modifications to a particular clause in a contract), generate trendlines for modifications made to boilerplate language based, at least inpart on the analyzed contract parameters, and identify potentialproblems with contract clause language, as discussed in greater detailin FIGS. 3-4. For example, contract analyzer program 104 can monitorchanges to a specific boilerplate contract clause language regardingarbitration. Contract analyzer program 104 can identify over aconfigurable time period (e.g., six months) that the number ofmodifications to the arbitration clause could indicate problems betweenparties using the boilerplate and suggest different language that wouldbe acceptable. In general, data generated from the analysis generatedfrom contract analyzer program 104 can be filtered by any user-definedcriteria. For example, data can be filtered based on contract region orsuppliers.

In other embodiments of the present invention, contract analyzer program104 can then notify a user that changes to the boilerplate language havebeen made. For example, contract analyzer program 104 can detect clausechanges in multi-lingual contracts by identifying a modified clause. Inthis embodiment, contract analyzer program 104 can access a database ofboilerplate contracts (i.e., standard contracts used as templates),detect changes to boilerplate contract language, and notify a user ofchanges to the contract. For example, contract analyzer program 104 canaccess a boilerplate contract for suppliers in English and haveboilerplate contracts that are translated to different languages (i.e.,the English boilerplate contract for suppliers translated to otherlanguages such as Spanish). Contract analyzer program 104 can thendetect changes to the boilerplate contract language by comparing areceived, modified contract to the boilerplate contract. Contractanalyzer program 104 can then notify a user of changes to theboilerplate contract. In this embodiment, contract analyzer program 104can set a threshold number of changes and alert a user responsive toreaching or exceeding the threshold value. For example, a user may setthe threshold for modifications to five modifications. Responsive toreaching or exceeding five modifications, contract analyzer program 104can send a notification that the threshold has been reached. In thisembodiment, the alert can include the changed text as well as theboilerplate from which the changed text was based on. For example,contract analyzer program 104 can detect that the threshold value ofmodifications has been reached for an arbitration clause. Contractanalyzer program 104 can then send an alert that includes the identifiedmodified arbitration clause as well as the boilerplate arbitrationclause.

In other embodiments, responsive to reaching or exceeding the number ofmodifications, contract analyzer program 104 can prompt the user toconfirm that the modifications still conform to the broad outline ofchanges to the standard legal boundaries allowed. The alert couldfurther display the modified text. In this embodiment, users maintainingthe standard templates in multiple languages can be alerted so thatcorrective actions can be taken to avoid further delays in contracts dueto required changes. For example the modification to an arbitrationclause in country X is modified from “binding both parties to thedecision of the arbiter” to “the decision of the arbiter is non-bindingon both parties and legal action may be pursued”. Contract analyzerprogram 104 can then alert the user (e.g., a template administrator)regarding the change to the arbitration clause and further suggestcorrect action (e.g., legal action after willfully submitting toarbitration cannot be pursued in country X, although it may be legal incountry Y). In other embodiments, contract analyzer program 104 cansuggest contract language based, at least in part, on identifiedcontract language in historic data that has been previously approved, oralert the user to an action (e.g., contact a legal team, contact anapprover, etc.).

Data store 106 stores historic data of previous contracts and contractparameters. The term “historic data”, as used herein, refers generallyto previously analyzed contracts and contract parameters associated withpreviously analyzed, approved contracts, as well as versions of approvedcontracts that were rejected. For example, historic data can includeinternal and external parties, approver profiles negotiator profiles,clause language, terms, products, status and time related metrics,modifications made to previously approved clause language etc. Ingeneral, data store 106 can be implemented with any storage medium knownin the art.

Network 108 can be, for example, a local area network (LAN), a wide areanetwork (WAN) such as the Internet, or a combination of the two, andinclude wired, wireless, or fiber optic connections. In general, network108 can be any combination of connections and protocols that willsupport communications between computer system 102 and computer system110, in accordance with a desired embodiment of the invention. Forillustrative purposes, this embodiment may be discussed with respect tocomputer system 102 receiving contract parameters and performingpredictive analysis to generate options for a user, it being understoodthat either of the computer systems 102 and 110 can receiving contractprovisions and perform predictive analysis to generate options for theuser. An “option” or “action”, as used herein, refers generally tosuggested contract language, contract clauses, and/or an alert to a userto take specific action.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart 200 illustrating operational steps for predictiveanalysis of a contract provision, in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention.

In step 202, contract analyzer program 104 receives an analysis requestfrom computer system 110. In this embodiment, an analysis request caninclude a contract in progress and a description of a problem to beaddressed. Examples of the description of the problem can be arequirement that further corrections are required, the need to view thebest possible term values, the need to view clause modifications, atrisk or non-compliant parties need to be identified, etc. In otherembodiments, contract analyzer program 104 can receive a contract to beanalyzed from one or more other components of computing environment 100.

In step 204, contract analyzer program 104 identifies contractparameters of the received contract. In this embodiment, contractanalyzer program 104 identifies contract parameters of the receivedcontract by parsing the contract. For example, contract analyzer program104 can use natural language annotations (e.g., sentence splitting,tokenization, POS tagging, chunking, dependency parsing, and anaphoraresolution, etc.) to process the semantics of the contract and identifycontract parameters such as parties involved in a contract, approvers ofa contract, clause language, contract terms, status, products, etc. Inother embodiments, contract analyzer program 104 can receiveuser-defined contract parameters.

In step 206, contract analyzer program 104 analyzes the contractparameters and generates suggestions based on historic data. In thisembodiment, contract analyzer program 104 analyzes the contractprovisions by accessing historic data from data store 106 and generatingsuggestions for a user, as discussed in greater detail in FIGS. 3 and 4.

In step 208, contract analyzer program 104 transmits the analysis tocomputer system 110 via network 108. The analysis can then be displayedin any user-defined visual manner. In this embodiment, the analysis canbe mapped to show information about the analyzed contract. For example,the analysis can be mapped to a relational data structure such as a treethat can display contract parameters and other contract metrics, as wellas suggested actions. In other embodiments, contract analyzer program104 can transmit the analysis to one or more other components ofcomputing environment 100. Additionally, contract analyzer program 104can display an approval ratio of contract language (e.g., a contractclause) based, at least in part, on the overall parameters of thecontract. In this embodiment, a numerical percentage scale is used wherehigher percentages indicate a higher chance of approval. Accordingly, ahigh percentage (e.g., a 60% chance of a successful contract) indicatesa better chance of contract execution with lesser approver rejections,short negotiation cycles, and less delays due to modifications in thestandard language. Contract analyzer program 104 can further suggestthat if corrective action is taken on one of the contract parameters,the success ratio will increase to 85%, thus predicting successfuloutcomes.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart 300 illustrating operational steps for analyzing acontract provision, in accordance with an embodiment. For example, theoperational steps of flowchart 300 can be performed at step 206 offlowchart 200.

In step 302, contract analyzer program 104 receives a clause to bemodified from computer system 110. For example, contract analyzerprogram 104 can receive an arbitration clause to be modified. In otherembodiments, contract analyzer program 104 can receive a clause to bemodified from one or more other components of computing environment 100.

In step 304, contract analyzer program 104 accesses historic data fromdata store 108 and compares previously approved clauses that match thetype of clause to be modified. Continuing the example above, contractanalyzer program 104 accesses historic data that matches the clause“type” to be modified (e.g., one or more previously approved arbitrationclauses) and selects contract clauses that match the clause type to bemodified. For example, contract analyzer program 104 can selectpreviously approved arbitration clauses from data store 106, compare thepreviously approved arbitration clauses to the arbitration clause to bemodified, and display the discrepancies or allow users to selectpreviously approved arbitration clauses as alternates that would belikely candidates that would be approved.

In step 306, contract analyzer program 104 suggests an action and/orcontract language to modify the received clause. In this embodiment, anaction can be to insert suggested contract language and/or an alert to auser to take specific action. In this embodiment, contract analyzerprogram 104 leverages the historic data to identify likely contractlanguage that would be approved based on the profiles of the approversby cross-referencing the likely contract language with the profiles ofthe approvers. Continuing the example above, contract analyzer program104 cross-references previous approvers associated with the previouslyapproved arbitration clauses with the approvers associated with thearbitration clause to be modified. For example, contract analyzerprogram 104 can identify from the contract parameters that previouslyapproved arbitration clause AC_(PA1) had approvers A and B and thatarbitration clause to be modified AC_(TBM) has approver A. Contractanalyzer program 104 can then suggest previously approved arbitrationclause AC_(PA1) as the alternate contract clause that would likely to beapproved for the contract clause to be modified (e.g., arbitrationclause to be modified AC_(TBM)). In other words, contract analyzerprogram 104 can cross-reference previous approvers associated withpreviously approved contract clauses (e.g., an arbitration clause) withapprovers associated with the contract clause (e.g., the arbitrationclause) to be modified, flag language modified that differs and, to theextent that contract analyzer program 104 identifies the contract clausebeing modified has been rejected in the past, can suggest alternatecontract clauses that have been approved in the past.

Contract analyzer program 104 can then display a visual representationof the analysis (i.e., suggests an action and/or contract language tomodify the received clause). In this embodiment, contract analyzerprogram 104 can display the suggested action and/or suggested contractlanguage in-line with a flagged contract clause. For example, anarbitration clause could be flagged as being inconsistent with locallaws. Contract analyzer program 104 can then display the suggestedcontract language that would be consistent with local laws. For example,contract analyzer program 104 can visually display a suggestion tochange the arbitration clause which currently states that “the decisionof the arbiter is binding to both parties” to “the decision of thearbiter is non-binding on both parties”. In other embodiments, contractanalyzer program 104 the visual representation of the analysis can be inthe form of a new document highlighting potential issues along with thesuggested changes. Other embodiments of the present invention cangenerate a new document (i.e., a new contract) that previews what thecontract being modified would look like with the accepted changes thatcontract analyzer program 104 generated.

In another embodiment, contract analyzer program 104 can further displayother relevant information to the contract parameters with the analysis.In this embodiment, contract analyzer program 104 can parse throughhistoric data to display other relevant information to contractparameters with the analysis. For example, contract analyzer program 104can identify a contract parameter as “approvers” along with adescription that further corrections are required. Contract analyzerprogram 104 can then display other relevant information identified fromhistoric data to the user. For example, contract analyzer program 104can display previous clauses that were rejected by approvers and suggestcontract language that would likely be approved by the approver as wellas different actions a user can take (e.g., contact the approver orcontact a legal team to finalize contract language).

In another example of other relevant information that contract analyzerprogram 104 can display with the analysis pertains to parties that mayor may not be at risk of non-compliance with regulations. For example,contract analyzer program 104 can parse through historic data to displayrelevant information to a contract parameter pertaining to suppliersalong with a description that suppliers may be non-compliant or at risk.Contract analyzer program 104 can, in addition to suggesting contractlanguage to mitigate a supplier's risk, display relevant informationsuch as time taken by a supplier for activation, the status of acontract, and disputed items.

In another embodiment, contract analyzer program 104 can also displaymodification data in addition to the previously generated suggestionsbased on the historic data. For example, contract analyzer program 104can parse through historic data to generate a trend line of modificationdata for a received contract analysis request. The term “modificationdata”, as used herein, refers to data in one or more received contractsthat have been modified and/or changed in some way. For example,modification data can track modifications from standard language,alternate clauses used, terms modified in the clauses, changes made bythe other party, amended clauses, approvers who rejected clause changes,etc. Contract analyzer program 104 compares changes made to contractparameters by parsing through the contract and comparing the currentcontract to a boilerplate contract (i.e., a template contract) accessedfrom data store 106. Contract analyzer program 104 can then identifychanges and generate a trend line that indicates problems with thetemplate contract.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart 400 illustrating operational steps for determininga root cause for a delay using predictive analysis of contractparameters, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.For example, the operational steps of flowchart 400 can be performed atstep 206 of flowchart 200.

In step 402, contract analyzer program 104 receives one or more contractparameters to be analyzed from computer system 110. For example,contract analyzer program 104 can receive the following contractparameters: product in line clauses, contract approvers, clauses fromcontract templates, external parties, terms from templates, reviewers,sub-status. In other embodiments, contract analyzer program 104 canreceive a clause to be modified from one or more other components ofcomputing environment 100.

In step 404, contract analyzer program 104 generates an estimatedtimeframe for the received contract. In this embodiment, contractanalyzer program 104 can generate an estimated timeframe for thereceived contract for contract parameters like approvals, reviews,negotiation, etc. In this embodiment, contract analyzer program 104accesses historic data from data store 106 and compares the respectivecontract parameters (i.e., the current contract parameters beinganalyzed to similar contract parameters of executed contracts) togenerate an estimated timeframe for a received contract analysisrequest.

Continuing the example above, contract analyzer program 104 accessesdata store 106, identifies contract parameters similar to the currentcontract parameters being analyzed, and compares the contract parametersbeing analyzed to similar contract parameters that have been executed.For example, contract analyzer program 104 can compare the contractparameters of product in line clauses, contract approvers, clauses fromcontract templates, external parties, terms from templates, andreviewers to previously executed contracts having one or more of thecontract parameters of the contract parameters being analyzed andgenerate the following data: an average number of days for execution andan average period for each activity (e.g., negotiation, approval, andreview). Contract analyzer program 104 can then generate an estimatedtimeframe for the received contract analysis request based, at least inpart on the contract parameters and the average number of days forexecution and an average period for each activity.

In step 406, contract analyzer program 104 identifies a root cause fordelays in contract formation. In this embodiment, contract analyzerprogram 104 compares the estimated timeframe of the received contract tothe actual timeline of the contract and attributes a delay to a contractparameter that has exceeded the estimated timeframe for completion. Forexample, based on the comparison, contract analyzer program 104 canidentify that a contract parameter, such as “negotiation” has exceededthe estimated timeline and is now two weeks past the estimated timelinetarget date. Contract analyzer program 104 can then identify that“negotiation” is a likely cause of delay based, at least in part, on thecontract parameters, the estimated time frame of the received contract,and the actual timeline of the contract.

In step 408, contract analyzer program 104 suggests an action for a userto take based, at least in part, on the identified root cause. In thisembodiment, an action may be suggested contract language and/or an alertto a user to take specific action (e.g., setting a best possible valuefor terms, use alternate clauses instead of standard clause, user cancontact an approver who rejected the changes, contact the legal team tofinalize contract, change term values to reflect the capacity to delivergoods, use best rates suggested in analysis, etc.). Continuing the aboveexample, contract analyzer program 104 can leverage the historic datastored in data store 106 to identify likely contract language that wouldbe approved. In other embodiments, previous clause language modified byother parties during a contract activity (e.g., negotiation) can bedisplayed as a snapshot to show non-acceptable language that had thehighest modifications or rejections from approvers of the contract.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of internal and external components of acomputer system 500, which is representative of the computer systems ofFIG. 1, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Itshould be appreciated that FIG. 5 provides only an illustration of oneimplementation and does not imply any limitations with regard to theenvironments in which different embodiments may be implemented. Ingeneral, the components illustrated in FIG. 5 are representative of anyelectronic device capable of executing machine-readable programinstructions. Examples of computer systems, environments, and/orconfigurations that may be represented by the components illustrated inFIG. 5 include, but are not limited to, personal computer systems,server computer systems, thin clients, thick clients, laptop computersystems, tablet computer systems, cellular telephones (e.g., smartphones), multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, networkPCs, minicomputer systems, mainframe computer systems, and distributedcloud computing environments that include any of the above systems ordevices.

Computer system 500 includes communications fabric 502, which providesfor communications between one or more processors 504, memory 506,persistent storage 508, communications unit 512, and one or moreinput/output (I/O) interfaces 514. Communications fabric 502 can beimplemented with any architecture designed for passing data and/orcontrol information between processors (such as microprocessors,communications and network processors, etc.), system memory, peripheraldevices, and any other hardware components within a system. For example,communications fabric 502 can be implemented with one or more buses.

Memory 506 and persistent storage 508 are computer-readable storagemedia. In this embodiment, memory 506 includes random access memory(RAM) 516 and cache memory 518. In general, memory 506 can include anysuitable volatile or non-volatile computer-readable storage media.Software is stored in persistent storage 508 for execution and/or accessby one or more of the respective processors 504 via one or more memoriesof memory 506.

Persistent storage 508 may include, for example, a plurality of magnetichard disk drives. Alternatively, or in addition to magnetic hard diskdrives, persistent storage 508 can include one or more solid state harddrives, semiconductor storage devices, read-only memories (ROM),erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM), flash memories, or anyother computer-readable storage media that is capable of storing programinstructions or digital information.

The media used by persistent storage 508 can also be removable. Forexample, a removable hard drive can be used for persistent storage 508.Other examples include optical and magnetic disks, thumb drives, andsmart cards that are inserted into a drive for transfer onto anothercomputer-readable storage medium that is also part of persistent storage708.

Communications unit 512 provides for communications with other computersystems or devices via a network (e.g., network 108). In this exemplaryembodiment, communications unit 512 includes network adapters orinterfaces such as a TCP/IP adapter cards, wireless Wi-Fi interfacecards, or 3G or 4G wireless interface cards or other wired or wirelesscommunication links. The network can comprise, for example, copperwires, optical fibers, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls,switches, gateway computers and/or edge servers. Software and data usedto practice embodiments of the present invention can be downloaded tocomputer system 102 through communications unit 512 (e.g., via theInternet, a local area network or other wide area network). Fromcommunications unit 512, the software and data can be loaded ontopersistent storage 508.

One or more I/O interfaces 514 allow for input and output of data withother devices that may be connected to computer system 500. For example,I/O interface 514 can provide a connection to one or more externaldevices 520 such as a keyboard, computer mouse, touch screen, virtualkeyboard, touch pad, pointing device, or other human interface devices.External devices 520 can also include portable computer-readable storagemedia such as, for example, thumb drives, portable optical or magneticdisks, and memory cards. I/O interface 514 also connects to display 522.

Display 522 provides a mechanism to display data to a user and can be,for example, a computer monitor. Display 522 can also be an incorporateddisplay and may function as a touch screen, such as a built-in displayof a tablet computer.

The present invention may be a system, a method, and/or a computerprogram product. The computer program product may include a computerreadable storage medium (or media) having computer readable programinstructions thereon for causing a processor to carry out aspects of thepresent invention.

The computer readable storage medium can be a tangible device that canretain and store instructions for use by an instruction executiondevice. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but isnot limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device,an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, asemiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of theforegoing. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of thecomputer readable storage medium includes the following: a portablecomputer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), aread-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROMor Flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portablecompact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD),a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanically encoded device such aspunch-cards or raised structures in a groove having instructionsrecorded thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. Acomputer readable storage medium, as used herein, is not to be construedas being transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freelypropagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagatingthrough a waveguide or other transmission media (e.g., light pulsespassing through a fiber-optic cable), or electrical signals transmittedthrough a wire.

Computer readable program instructions described herein can bedownloaded to respective computing/processing devices from a computerreadable storage medium or to an external computer or external storagedevice via a network, for example, the Internet, a local area network, awide area network and/or a wireless network. The network may comprisecopper transmission cables, optical transmission fibers, wirelesstransmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/oredge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in eachcomputing/processing device receives computer readable programinstructions from the network and forwards the computer readable programinstructions for storage in a computer readable storage medium withinthe respective computing/processing device.

Computer readable program instructions for carrying out operations ofthe present invention may be assembler instructions,instruction-set-architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions,machine dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions,state-setting data, or either source code or object code written in anycombination of one or more programming languages, including an objectoriented programming language such as Smalltalk, C++ or the like, andconventional procedural programming languages, such as the “C”programming language or similar programming languages. The computerreadable program instructions may execute entirely on the user'scomputer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone softwarepackage, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computeror entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario,the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through anytype of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide areanetwork (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer(for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).In some embodiments, electronic circuitry including, for example,programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), orprogrammable logic arrays (PLA) may execute the computer readableprogram instructions by utilizing state information of the computerreadable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuitry,in order to perform aspects of the present invention.

Aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference toflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus(systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of theinvention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchartillustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in theflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented bycomputer readable program instructions.

These computer readable program instructions may be provided to aprocessor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, orother programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, suchthat the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computeror other programmable data processing apparatus, create means forimplementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or blockdiagram block or blocks. These computer readable program instructionsmay also be stored in a computer readable storage medium that can directa computer, a programmable data processing apparatus, and/or otherdevices to function in a particular manner, such that the computerreadable storage medium having instructions stored therein comprises anarticle of manufacture including instructions which implement aspects ofthe function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram blockor blocks.

The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto acomputer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other deviceto cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer,other programmable apparatus or other device to produce a computerimplemented process, such that the instructions which execute on thecomputer, other programmable apparatus, or other device implement thefunctions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block orblocks.

The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate thearchitecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementationsof systems, methods, and computer program products according to variousembodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in theflowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portionof instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions forimplementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternativeimplementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of theorder noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in successionmay, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks maysometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon thefunctionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of theblock diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocksin the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implementedby special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specifiedfunctions or acts or carry out combinations of special purpose hardwareand computer instructions.

The descriptions of the various embodiments of the present inventionhave been presented for purposes of illustration, but are not intendedto be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Manymodifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skillin the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain the principles ofthe embodiment, the practical application or technical improvement overtechnologies found in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinaryskill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

What is claimed is:
 1. A computer system comprising: one or morecomputer processors; one or more non-transitory computer readablestorage media; and program instructions stored on the one or morenon-transitory computer readable storage media for execution by at leastone of the one or more computer processors, the program instructionscomprising: program instructions to identify one or more contractparameters of a contract via natural language processing, wherein eachof the one or more contract parameters is associated with a specifiedthreshold, and wherein the one or more contract parameters includeparties involved in the contract, approvers of the contract, clauselanguage, contract terms, status, products involved, reviewers, pendingtasks, revisions, lines, events defined in the contract, relationships,attachments, security permissions, value of the contract, and conditionssubsequent; program instructions to map the identified one or morecontract parameters of the contract to a relational data structure;program instructions to access the mapped one or more contractparameters and historic data comprising previously approved contractparameters, wherein the historic data comprises previously analyzedcontracts and contract parameters associated with previously analyzed,approved contracts, as well as versions of approved contracts that wererejected; program instructions to predict acceptable contract parametersbased, at least in part, on the specified threshold and on a comparisonof the contract parameters of the contract to the previously approvedcontract parameters of the accessed historic data; program instructionsto generate a percentage of likelihood of success for contract languageassociated with the contract parameters based, at least in part, on thepredicted acceptable contract parameters; program instructions tosuggest a first corrective action to increase the percentage oflikelihood of success; program instructions to, responsive to receivingthe first corrective action, track modifications made by a user to thecontract language associated with the contract parameters of thecontract; program instructions to update the percentage of likelihood ofsuccess for the contract language associated with the contractparameters based, at least in part, on the predicted acceptable contractparameters; program instructions to, responsive to reaching aconfigurable threshold of modifications to the contract languageassociated with the contract parameters, suggest a second correctiveaction to the user; program instructions to generate an estimatedtimeframe for completion of the contract based, at least in part, on thehistoric data comprising previously approved contract parameters, one ormore predicted sources of delay, and whether the user has selected atleast one of the first corrective action and the second correctiveaction; program instructions to, responsive to generating the estimatedtimeframe for completion of the contract, display the estimatedtimeframe for completion of the contract in-line with the contract;program instructions to generate a visual representation of thepredicted acceptable contract parameters, the percentage of likelihoodof success for contract language associated with the contract parametersbased, at least in part, on the predicted acceptable contractparameters, and the suggested first corrective action to increase thepercentage of likelihood of success; and program instructions to,responsive to generating the visual representation of the predictedacceptable contract parameters, the percentage of likelihood of successfor contract language associated with the contract parameters based, atleast in part, on the predicted acceptable contract parameters, and thesuggested first corrective action to increase the percentage oflikelihood of success, display the visual representation in-line withthe contract.